The Fender Jazz started in 1960 with a slimmer shaped neck and two pickups while the Fender Precision was introduced in 1951 with a slab body and one pickup. The Musicman Stingray arrived in the 1970 s with a humbucker bass pickup while the Gibson Thuderbird came on scene in the 1960 s. The Rickenbacker 4001 came in the early 1950 s and it became the rock bass chosen by many. The string is plucked by this and this turns so it does not make contact with the string downwards. History The harpsichord was invented in the Middle Ages. In Italy, harpsichord makers made lightweight versions with little string tension but the harpsichords were made with a heavier construction by the Ruckers family in the late 1500's. The lyre in modern Greece You can no longer see the classical lyre being played in Greece nowadays. In modern Greece, the term lyre refers to many kinds of bowed instruments connected to either the Persian Kemanche or the Byzantine bowed lyra. There are two fundamental designs of bowed lyres. One has the shape of a bottle and is a descendant of the Cappadocian kemane. The sound volume increases greatly compared to the primary volume created by the strings. Some sound is then projected out of the hole. Acoustic guitar qualities The acoustic guitar has eight basic qualities volume, balance, dynamic range, cutting power, tone, presence, sustain, and separation. Some guitars have a higher volume compared to others but it does not mean that these guitars produce better sound output. The contemporary clarinet was from the chalumeau, an instrument likened to the recorder but with a single-reed. It lacked a register key so, on the 1800 s, it was modified and one of the keys became a register key. This gave rise to the clarinet. It was primarily known as the clarinetto. Some say that the inventor was Jacob Denner while some claim that it was his father, Johann Christoph Denner. The timbre comes from the conical bore which is in contrast to the cylindrical bore of clarinets and flutes. This makes the oboe audible among other instruments in ensembles. This stately instrument has a pitch that is in concert C but orchestras usually use a concert A pitch. The League of American Orchestras state that this makes the oboe s pitch secure and the piercing sound makes it suitable for tuning.